Raymond+Toncich

For a bonus point:
 * 1) History of the Atom (5pts)
 * Find out the important scientists who contributed to our current knowledge of the atom. Include:
 * A picture.
 * When they lived.
 * What they did.
 * Find out the important experiments that were used to make breakthrough discoveries.
 * Who perfomed these experiments?
 * Include years of each discovery/experiment so we can get an idea of how long this process has taken.
 * 1) Atomic Structure (5pts)
 * What are the different parts of the atom?
 * What are the different particles that make up the atom?
 * Where are they located?
 * What makes atoms of different elements different?
 * 1) Add an APPROPRIATE comment to someone's page through the discussion tab.

History of the Atom: There are many scientists throughout the years that have dealt with the atom. Two scientists I will be talking about are Democritus and John Dalton. __**Democritus:**__ Democritus was born 460 B.C in Thrace. Democritus was one of two founders of ancient atomist theory. He also believed that atoms were indivisible and indestrucible. His idea didnt explain chemical behavior and it also lacked experimental support since his approach was not based on the scientific method. He died in 370 B.C. [], Wilbraham, Anothony.....**__Prentice Hall-Chemistry__**. Boston,Massachsetts, 2008, []

__**John Dalton:**__ John Dalton was born in year 1766 in England. Dalton was the man who discovered a theory for atoms which he callled: __//**Dalton's atomic theory**//__.The following list all deal with __//**Dalton's atomic theory**//__. John Dalton died at Manchester, England in 1844.
 * 1) All matter is made up of tiny indivisible particles called "ATOMS".
 * 2) Different elements have different atoms although if the elements are the same their ATOMS are identical.
 * 3) ATOMS of different elements can be physically and chemically combined.
 * 4) Chemical reactions occur in ATOMS when they are separated, joined, or rearranged. ATOMS of one element can never change.
 * [], Wilbraham, Anothony.....**__Prentice Hall-Chemistry__**. Boston,Massachsetts, 2008

These are two experiments that were used to discover the atom.


 * The first one is J.J Thomson was the men who discovered the __//**Electron**//__. He started his experiment in 1897. This is how his experiment went. It dealt with an electric current passing through a gas at a low pressure. He sealed the gases in glass tubes and put metal discs on both ends. These are known as __**electrodes**__. Each electrode has a different charge. The one is a postive and the other is a negative. The negatively harge electrode is called the **__cathode__** while the positively charged electrode is called an __**anode**__. The result of this is a glowing beam called a *//**__Cathode ray*.__**//*A Cathode Ray is- a stream of electrons produced at the negative electrode (cathode) of a tube containing a gas at low pressure.* Wilbraham, Anothony.....**__Prentice Hall-Chemistry__**. Boston,Massachsetts, 2008


 * Another one was done by Ernest Rutherford in 1909 till 1911. They made a system that would let alpha particles be shot at a very thin piece of gold foil where it would bounce off and hit a fluorscent screen. They didnt see much when they watched it. Then he told his students to watch for the alpha particles to bounce back off the gold foil.When they watched this noothing happened, but over time they started to see flashes of light on the fluorscent sreen. It then came to them that there was a large positive charge with the atoms itself. []


 * //__ ATOM STRUCTURE: __//**
 * The parts of an ATOM are the **//__protons__//,//__electrons__//,** and **//__neutrons__//.**
 * Each of the parts of an atom have different particles. __//**Protons**//__ have the positively charged particles while on the other hand **//__Electrons__//** have negatively charged particles. Then there are the //**__Neutrons__**// they are neither postive or negative, they have no charge at all since they are neutral.
 * As u can see in the picture..the **//__Protons__//** and are **//__Neutrons__//** located in the middle of the ATOM which is known as the nucleus. The **//__Electrons__//** are located on the outer shell.
 * The difference between different elements are the number of **//__Protons__//, //__Electrons__//**, and **//__Neutrons__//**. Also the number of //__**Protons**__// is the same as the number of //__**Electrons**.__//
 * Here are the websites I used to get this information: [|www.ngweide.net/ 2009_04_01_archive.html], []